My PR
Supplements guide

Every source

Each entry links to the original study and to the chapters that cite it.

  1. official guideline2026
    Declaraciones de propiedades saludables: dictámenes y registro de la UE

    European Food Safety Authority · EFSA

    Cited in:What to expectQuality and labels

  2. resource2026
    Programa de certificación antidopaje lote a lote

    Informed Sport (LGC) · Informed Sport

    Cited in:Quality and labelsHow to buy

  3. resource2026
    Certified for Sport: certificación de suplementos deportivos

    NSF · NSF

    Cited in:Quality and labelsHow to buy

  4. resource2026
    Base de datos independiente de evidencia sobre suplementos

    Examine.com · Examine.com

    Cited in:How to buyGlossary

  5. official guideline2025
    AIS Sports Supplement Framework: clasificación ABCD de suplementos

    Australian Institute of Sport · Australian Institute of Sport

    Cited in:What to expectWhat worksQuality and labelsProtein typesAmino acidsCreatineCaffeineFor runningWhat does not workHow to buyGlossary

  6. position stand2023
    2023 International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs)

    Mountjoy M, Ackerman KE, Bailey DM, et al. · British Journal of Sports Medicine

    Cited in:What to expectVitamins and minerals

  7. review2022
    Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Brain Function and Health

    Forbes SC, Cordingley DM, Cornish SM, et al. · Nutrients

    Cited in:Creatine

  8. review2022
    New Horizons in Carbohydrate Research and Application for Endurance Athletes

    Podlogar T, Wallis GA · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:For running

  9. trial2021
    Undeclared Doping Substances are Highly Prevalent in Commercial Sports Nutrition Supplements

    Duiven E, van Loon LJC, Spruijt L, Koert W, de Hon OM · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine

    Cited in:Quality and labels

  10. review2021
    The Anabolic Response to Plant-Based Protein Ingestion

    Pinckaers PJM, Trommelen J, Snijders T, van Loon LJC · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Protein types

  11. trial2021
    High-Protein Plant-Based Diet Versus a Protein-Matched Omnivorous Diet to Support Resistance Training Adaptations: A Comparison Between Habitual Vegans and Omnivores

    Hevia-Larraín V, Gualano B, Longobardi I, et al. · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Protein types

  12. review2021
    Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?

    Antonio J, Candow DG, Forbes SC, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Creatine

  13. review2021
    Creatine Supplementation in Women's Health: A Lifespan Perspective

    Smith-Ryan AE, Cabre HE, Eckerson JM, Candow DG · Nutrients

    Cited in:Creatine

  14. position stand2021
    International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance

    Guest NS, VanDusseldorp TA, Nelson MT, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:CaffeineFor runningHow to buy

  15. position stand2021
    International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: sodium bicarbonate and exercise performance

    Grgic J, Pedisic Z, Saunders B, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:What worksFor running

  16. review2021
    Dietary Nitrate and Nitric Oxide Metabolism: Mouth, Circulation, Skeletal Muscle, and Exercise Performance

    Jones AM, Vanhatalo A, Seals DR, Rossman MJ, Piknova B, Jonvik KL · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

    Cited in:For running

  17. meta-analysis2021
    Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Physical Performance: Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis

    Bonilla DA, Moreno Y, Gho C, Petro JL, Odriozola-Martínez A, Kreider RB · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  18. review2020
    Effects of Citrulline Supplementation on Exercise Performance in Humans: A Review of the Current Literature

    Gonzalez AM, Trexler ET · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

    Cited in:Amino acidsCaffeine

  19. review2020
    Wake up and smell the coffee: caffeine supplementation and exercise performance—an umbrella review of 21 published meta-analyses

    Grgic J, Grgic I, Pickering C, Schoenfeld BJ, Bishop DJ, Pedisic Z · British Journal of Sports Medicine

    Cited in:What worksCaffeine

  20. meta-analysis2020
    Ergogenic Effect of Nitrate Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

    Senefeld JW, Wiggins CC, Regimbal RJ, Dominelli PB, Baker SE, Joyner MJ · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

    Cited in:What worksFor running

  21. review2020
    'Testosterone Boosting' Supplements Composition and Claims Are not Supported by the Academic Literature

    Clemesha CG, Thaker H, Samplaski MK · World Journal of Men's Health

    Cited in:What does not work

  22. review2019
    Effectiveness of Creatine Supplementation on Aging Muscle and Bone: Focus on Falls Prevention and Inflammation

    Candow DG, Forbes SC, Chilibeck PD, Cornish SM, Antonio J, Kreider RB · Journal of Clinical Medicine

    Cited in:Creatine

  23. review2019
    Applications of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for sport performance

    Philpott JD, Witard OC, Galloway SDR · Research in Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  24. review2019
    Iron considerations for the athlete: a narrative review

    Sim M, Garvican-Lewis LA, Cox GR, et al. · European Journal of Applied Physiology

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  25. position stand2019
    International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics

    Jäger R, Mohr AE, Carpenter KC, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  26. position stand2018
    IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete

    Maughan RJ, Burke LM, Dvorak J, et al. · British Journal of Sports Medicine

    Cited in:What to expectWhat worksQuality and labelsHow to buyGlossary

  27. position stand2018
    ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations

    Kerksick CM, Wilborn CD, Roberts MD, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:What to expectWhat works

  28. meta-analysis2018
    A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults

    Morton RW, Murphy KT, McKellar SR, et al. · British Journal of Sports Medicine

    Cited in:What worksProtein typesHow to buy

  29. review2018
    How much protein can the body use in a single meal for muscle-building? Implications for daily protein distribution

    Schoenfeld BJ, Aragon AA · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Protein types

  30. trial2018
    Caffeine, CYP1A2 Genotype, and Endurance Performance in Athletes

    Guest N, Corey P, Vescovi J, El-Sohemy A · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

    Cited in:Caffeine

  31. review2018
    Vitamin D and the Athlete: Current Perspectives and New Challenges

    Owens DJ, Allison R, Close GL · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  32. review2018
    Assessment of Nutrient Status in Athletes and the Need for Supplementation

    Larson-Meyer DE, Woolf K, Burke L · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  33. position stand2017
    International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise

    Jäger R, Kerksick CM, Campbell BI, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Protein typesAmino acids

  34. position stand2017
    International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutrient timing

    Kerksick CM, Arent S, Schoenfeld BJ, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Protein types

  35. review2017
    Branched-chain amino acids and muscle protein synthesis in humans: myth or reality?

    Wolfe RR · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Amino acidsWhat does not work

  36. trial2017
    Branched-Chain Amino Acid Ingestion Stimulates Muscle Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis following Resistance Exercise in Humans

    Jackman SR, Witard OC, Philp A, Wallis GA, Baar K, Tipton KD · Frontiers in Physiology

    Cited in:Amino acids

  37. trial2017
    Vitamin C-enriched gelatin supplementation before intermittent activity augments collagen synthesis

    Shaw G, Lee-Barthel A, Ross ML, Wang B, Baar K · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

    Cited in:Protein typesAmino acids

  38. position stand2017
    International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine

    Kreider RB, Kalman DS, Antonio J, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:What worksCreatineHow to buy

  39. meta-analysis2017
    β-alanine supplementation to improve exercise capacity and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Saunders B, Elliott-Sale K, Artioli GG, et al. · British Journal of Sports Medicine

    Cited in:For running

  40. position stand2017
    National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for the Physically Active

    McDermott BP, Anderson SA, Armstrong LE, et al. · Journal of Athletic Training

    Cited in:For running

  41. review2017
    Metabolism of ketone bodies during exercise and training: physiological basis for exogenous supplementation

    Evans M, Cogan KE, Egan B · Journal of Physiology

    Cited in:What does not work

  42. position stand2016
    Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance

    Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

    Cited in:What to expectFor runningVitamins and minerals

  43. review2016
    Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?

    Merry TL, Ristow M · Journal of Physiology

    Cited in:Vitamins and mineralsWhat does not work

  44. review2015
    Supplemental protein in support of muscle mass and health: advantage whey

    Devries MC, Phillips SM · Journal of Food Science

    Cited in:Protein types

  45. official guideline2015
    Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine

    EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies · EFSA Journal

    Cited in:Caffeine

  46. position stand2015
    International society of sports nutrition position stand: Beta-Alanine

    Trexler ET, Smith-Ryan AE, Stout JR, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:What worksCaffeineFor running

  47. position stand2015
    Statement of the Third International Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia Consensus Development Conference

    Hew-Butler T, Rosner MH, Fowkes-Godek S, et al. · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

    Cited in:For running

  48. meta-analysis2015
    Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Farrokhyar F, Tabasinejad R, Dao D, et al. · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  49. review2014
    Hazards of hindsight — monitoring the safety of nutritional supplements

    Cohen PA · New England Journal of Medicine

    Cited in:Quality and labelsWhat does not work

  50. trial2014
    Leucine supplementation of a low-protein mixed macronutrient beverage enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis in young men: a double-blind, randomized trial

    Churchward-Venne TA, Breen L, Di Donato DM, et al. · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

    Cited in:Amino acids

  51. review2014
    A step towards personalized sports nutrition: carbohydrate intake during exercise

    Jeukendrup AE · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:What worksFor runningHow to buy

  52. trial2014
    Vitamin C and E supplementation hampers cellular adaptation to endurance training in humans: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial

    Paulsen G, Cumming KT, Holden G, et al. · Journal of Physiology

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  53. review2014
    Sleep in Elite Athletes and Nutritional Interventions to Enhance Sleep

    Halson SL · Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  54. meta-analysis2013
    The effect of protein timing on muscle strength and hypertrophy: a meta-analysis

    Schoenfeld BJ, Aragon AA, Krieger JW · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Protein types

  55. official guideline2013
    Dietary protein quality evaluation in human nutrition: report of an FAO expert consultation (DIAAS)

    FAO · FAO

    Cited in:Protein typesGlossary

  56. position stand2013
    International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB)

    Wilson JM, Fitschen PJ, Campbell B, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Amino acidsWhat does not work

  57. meta-analysis2013
    Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold

    Hemilä H, Chalker E · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

    Cited in:Vitamins and minerals

  58. trial2012
    A buffered form of creatine does not promote greater changes in muscle creatine content, body composition, or training adaptations than creatine monohydrate

    Jagim AR, Oliver JM, Sanchez A, et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

    Cited in:Creatine

  59. review2011
    Fat burners: nutrition supplements that increase fat metabolism

    Jeukendrup AE, Randell R · Obesity Reviews

    Cited in:What does not work

  60. trial2011
    Chronic oral ingestion of L-carnitine and carbohydrate increases muscle carnitine content and alters muscle fuel metabolism during exercise in humans

    Wall BT, Stephens FB, Constantin-Teodosiu D, Marimuthu K, Macdonald IA, Greenhaff PL · Journal of Physiology

    Cited in:What does not work

  61. trial2009
    Ingestion of whey hydrolysate, casein, or soy protein isolate: effects on mixed muscle protein synthesis at rest and following resistance exercise in young men

    Tang JE, Moore DR, Kujbida GW, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM · Journal of Applied Physiology

    Cited in:Protein types

  62. review2008
    Dosing and efficacy of glutamine supplementation in human exercise and sport training

    Gleeson M · Journal of Nutrition

    Cited in:Amino acidsWhat does not work

  63. trial2004
    Analysis of non-hormonal nutritional supplements for anabolic-androgenic steroids: results of an international study

    Geyer H, Parr MK, Mareck U, Reinhart U, Schrader Y, Schänzer W · International Journal of Sports Medicine

    Cited in:Quality and labels

  64. meta-analysis2003
    Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis

    Branch JD · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

    Cited in:Creatine